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1. Detecting Unauthorized 802.11 Cards and Access Points
The first goal is detection. Can we tell when someone powers on a card within range of the local network? This can be done with off-the-shelf components and free software. The Cisco Aironet driver included with the more recent Linux kernels supports "RF Monitor" mode, which permits promiscuous monitoring of 802.11 packets - specifically, monitoring raw 802.11 frames to detect if there are any telltale frames broadcast by a rogue access point or card. As outlined in the original 802.11 specification, ther...

2. The HTTP Request and Response Codes
The HTTP protocol can be likened to a conversation based on a series of questions and answers, which we refer to respectively as HTTP requests and HTTP responses. The contents of HTTP requests and responses are easy to read and understand, being near to plain English in their syntax. This section examines the structure of these requests and responses, along with a few examples of the sorts of data they may contain. The HTTP Request After opening a connection to the intended serv...

3. INFRASTRUCTURE PROTOCOLS AND APPLICATIONS
H.323 H.323 defines packet standards for terminal equipment and services for multimedia communications over local and wide area  networks  communicating  with  systems  connected  to telephony networks such as ISDN. The initial version of this standard  came from the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) in June 1996. It  defines  communication over IP-based local area networks (LANs). A later version (v2), adopted in January 1998, extended it over wide are...

4. Wireless IN Services
The IN protocols and concepts can be used to implement enhanced wireless services rapidly and to have these services available across serving areas in an untethered wireless network. Some of these services are listed below: Voice-Based User Identification. This service employs a form of automatic speech recognition to validate the identity of the speaker. Access to services can then be restricted to the user whose voice (phrase) has been used to train the recognition device. Voice-Based Featur...

5. Wireless LAN and Personal Area Network
The Wireless Internet is not just wireless communications across town or the country. It is also local—sometimes in a home or office building. Wireless LANs are just becoming popular with economically  priced  wireless  Ethernet  equipment.  Standards such as IEEE 802.11, HiperLAN2, and Home RF are leading the way to untethered communications in-building or outside over small areas. Another important development is the Personal Area Network, also known as Bluetooth. Let’s take a look at each of th...

6. The Domain Concept
The solution to all of these problems is the network domain. In a domain, you only have a single name and password, which gets you into every shared PC and printer on the network. Everyone's account information resides on a central computer called a domain controllera computer so important, it's usually locked away in a closet or a data-center room. A domain controller keeps track of who is allowed to log on, who is logged on, and what each person is allowed to do on the network. When you log onto the domain with your PC,...

7. Duplexing Techniques in Wireless communication systems
Wireless communication systems have evolved through several stages of multiple-access control. The foremost controllable resource has always been the frequency spectrum. Other resources such as time, code, and space were initially manipulated in a very precarious and, therefore, ineffective manner. The early systems operated in the simplex mode in the forward link. Halfduplex systems soon appeared, in which forward link and reverse link shared the same channel. Access control was performed on a push-to-talk basis wit...